限流与流式窗口

限流滑动窗口窗口大小窗口步长

什么是频率？ 频率，也称为振动次数；是指某一事件或运动在一定时间间隔内的规律重复。测量频率时，会计算等时间间隔内的重复运动。换句话说，频率可以解释为“单位时间内运动的重复次数”。运动重复的时间间隔称为周期，记作周期 T。频率的单位为赫兹（Hz）。在1秒内重复的波称为频率。例如；如果波通过的时间为秒，频率则测量为每秒2次。

在现实中，一个系统或者信号的频率并非是一成不变的，系统的频率一般

haproxy

haproxy load balancer

conn_cur: Measures simultaneous active connections at any given moment.
conn_rate: Measures the frequency of new connections over a specific time window (e.g., connections per second).

stick table

map

frontend myfrontend
    bind :80
    stick-table type ip size 1m expire 10s store http_req_rate(10s)
    http-request track-sc0 src
    
    # Deny if current rate > value in map, default to 100
    http-request deny deny_status 429 if { sc_http_req_rate(0) gt src,map_ip(/etc/haproxy/ip_rates.map,100) }

haproxy as slide window counter

参考

热更新: Hitless Reloads With HAProxy (How-To Configuration Guide)
Sanitizing HTTP/1: a technical deep dive into HAProxy’s HTX abstraction layer
Efficiency at any scale: How HAProxy maximizes the benefits of modern multi-core CPUs
https://www.loadbalancer.org/blog/how-to-rate-limit-in-haproxy/
https://oneuptime.com/blog/post/2026-03-20-haproxy-stick-tables-ipv4-connections/view
https://oneuptime.com/blog/post/2026-01-27-haproxy-stick-tables/view
https://www.onelogin.com/blog/rate-limiting-haproxy

runtimeapi

The HAProxy APIs (What You Should Know)
Get Started with HAProxy Data Plane API on Docker

dataplaneapi

http://localhost:5555/v3/docs

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